![]() ![]() ![]() The first historical reference to Warsaw dates back to the year 1313, when initially Kraków served as the Polish capital city. Warsaw is one of only a few cities in the European Union that have such a skyline, together with Frankfurt, London and Paris. A unique feature of Warsaw is its number of skyscrapers and high-rise buildings in the city centre which form the skyline. Frontex, the European Union agency for external border security, is headquartered in Warsaw. The Warsaw Stock Exchange is one of the largest and most important in Central Europe. The city is a significant centre of research and development, BPO, ITO, as well as Polish media industry. Warsaw's economy, by a wide variety of industries, is characterised by FMCG manufacturing, metal processing, steel and electronic manufacturing and food processing. Today Warsaw is considered an Alpha– global city, a major international tourist destination and a significant cultural, political and economic hub. It was also ranked as one of the most liveable cities in Central and Eastern Europe. In 2012 Warsaw was ranked as the 32nd most liveable city in the world by the Economist Intelligence Unit. The area of the city covers 516.9 square kilometres, while the city's agglomeration covers 6,100.43 square kilometres. Its population is estimated at 1.729 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 2.666 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 9th most populous capital city in the European Union. It is located on the Vistula River, in east-central Poland, roughly 260 kilometres from the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres from the Carpathian Mountains. Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland.
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